What is a patch test in tattooing?

A patch test in tattooing involves testing a small area of the client's skin with the ink that will be used for the tattoo. This is primarily done to identify any potential allergic reactions or sensitivities to the tattoo ink. By applying a small amount of ink on the skin and observing the area over a period of time, a tattoo artist can ensure that the client does not have an adverse reaction, which could lead to complications during or after the tattooing process.

This practice is crucial as certain individuals may react negatively to specific components found in tattoo inks, and conducting a patch test can help prevent these issues. The other options focus on different aspects of the tattooing process, such as design selection, equipment checks, or the quality of the ink, which do not pertain to assessing skin reaction or safety prior to the tattoo session.